新しい学術論文は説明します 3 イーサリアムPoSチェーンに対する攻撃方法

Following the Altair upgrade on the Ethereum network, the protocols native cryptocurrency reached a new all-time price high. Altair is the next step for the Ethereums networks proof-of-stake (PoS) 遷移. でも, a recently submitted white paper explains that a group of computer scientists from Stanford University and the Ethereum Foundation believe there are three attack vectorson [a] proof-of-stake Ethereum” ブロックチェーン.

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の 3 Attacks Against Ethereum Thesis Aims to Describe a Proof-of-Stake Problem Based on Evidence

The Ethereum network currently has a proof-of-work (捕虜) consensus mechanism and in time, the protocol plans to fully transition into a proof-of-stake (PoS) 通信網. Recent upgrades like Berlin, ロンドン, and Altair have been applied to help smooth the transition toward the PoS goal. つい最近, after Altair was implemented, the price per ether skyrocketed toward a new all-time high (ATH) で $4,467 ユニットあたり.

同時に, network transfer fees have also swelled significantly as high as $50 for the average ether transaction on Saturday morning. さらに, on Saturday morning in the U.S. vertical trends from Twitter indicate the term ETH 2.0started trending. Some of the individuals discussing the ETH 2.0 upgrade have shared a new white paper written by computer scientists from Stanford University and the Ethereum Foundation.

BTC proponent Tuur Demeester shared the paper on Saturday and two quotes from the paper that theorize how an adversary can attack the chain. The paper calledThree Attacks on Proof-of-Stake Ethereumwas submitted on October 19.

white paper was authored by Caspar Schwarz-Schilling, Joachim Neu, Barnabé Monnot, Aditya Asgaonkar, Ertem Nusret Tas, and David Tse. 本質的に, the white paper reveals that two Ethereum network attacks were presented in recent times and the papers authors refined the techniques.

In addition to the refinement of the first two which theoretically createshort-range reorganizationsand anadversarial network delay,” the computer scientists came up with a third attack.

Combining techniques from both refined attacks, we obtain a third attack which allows an adversary with vanishingly small fraction of stake and no control over network message propagation (assuming instead probabilistic message propagation) to cause even long-range consensus chain reorganizations,” the papers authors note. The three attacks to ETH PoS paper adds:

Honest-but-rational or ideologically motivated validators could use this attack to increase their profits or stall the protocol, threatening incentive alignment and security of PoS Ethereum. The attack can also lead to destabilization of consensus from congestion in vote processing.

White Paper Says AttacksAlso Enable aPriori Malign Actors to Outright Stall Consensus Decisions

その間, Ethereum network critics used the paper to highlight the possible vulnerabilities associated with these attacks when the network transitions to a full PoS system. The founder of the Chia project and the creator of Bittorrent, Bram Cohen, also つぶやいた about the new study on Saturday.

A Chia proponent responded and 言った Cohen: “Lets revisit your tweet in a year and see what Chia has accomplished vs ETH. Please consider your attitude is turning away community members like myself.The Ethereum attacks paper does provide a possible method of attacks against an Ethereum PoS chain, but also offers solutions. The papers authors believe the attacks provide incentives to malicious actors.

Our attacks also enable apriori malign actors, perhaps ideologically motivated, to delay and in some cases outright stall consensus decisions,” the papers authors conclude. “The refined attack of Section 4.2 gives the adversary a tool to do just that, even if the adversary cannot control message propagation delays (which instead are assumed to be probabilistic).”

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